Kuongororwa kwekushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekugadzirazve yelaser cladding yezvikamu zvekutadza kwemakanika mumigodhi

Mundima yeinjiniya yemichina yemigodhi, mamiriro ekushanda akanyanya anoramba ari dambudziko guru rinotadzisa kushanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo. Nzvimbo dzemigodhi dzepasi pevhu dzakamanikana uye dzakamanikana, neguruva rakawanda richiparadza nzvimbo dzemidziyo. Panguva yekubviswa kwemusono wemarasha, kukanganiswa kunowanzoitika pakati pemazino ekucheka nematombo akaomarara emarasha, pamwe chete nekukweshana kwakanyanya pakati pezvinofambisa zvinokwesha nezvinhu, zvinokurumidzisa kupera kwezvikamu. Panguva iyi, kuwanda kwemineral uye hunyoro mumvura yemugodhi zvinokonzera ngura yakanyanya yemagetsi. Izvi zvinotungamira kumatambudziko akapararira akadai sekusakara zvakanyanya, kutyoka kunokonzerwa nengura, uye kukwenya pamusoro pezvikamu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira mazino ekucheka marasha, hydraulic support columns yemigodhi yakazara, uye zvikamu zvinofambisa zvinokwesha. Kukundikana kwezvikamu izvi nguva isati yakwana hakungowedzere nguva yekushanda kwemidziyo chete asiwo kunowedzera zvakanyanya mari yekugadzirisa uye njodzi dzekuchengetedza mumabasa emigodhi.​

Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko iri guru, kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji yelaser ine simba guru neupfu hwealloy hunodzivirira kupwanyika hwakasiyana-siyana hwakachinja mhinduro dzekugadzirazve michina yekuchera yakakundikana. Nekushandisa matanda elaser ane simba rakawanda senzvimbo dzekupisa, nzira iyi itsva inoisa upfu hwealloy panzvimbo dzinogadziriswa. Pasi pemwaranzi yelaser, zvimedu zvealloy zvinonyunguduka uye zvinokurumidza kuoma ne substrate, zvichigadzira simbi yakasimbiswa. Maitiro aya ekubatanidza akasiyana zvakanyanya nezvisungo zvepanyama zvakaita se electroplating uye spray coatings, zvichibvisa njodzi dzekubviswa kwecoat ukuwo zvichigadzira hwaro hwekuvaka kuti zvikamu zvishande zvakanaka.​

Dhizaini yekugadzira hupfu hwe alloy hunodzivirira kupwanyika hunozvinyungudutsa ndeimwe yema cores ehunyanzvi. Kazhinji uchishandisa nickel-based, iron-based, kana cobalt-based alloys se matrices, hupfu uhu hunogovanisa zvakaenzana zvidimbu zvakaoma zvakaita seWC, Cr₃C₂, uye TiC. Nekuwedzera zvinhu zvakaita seCr, Mo, uye Si, kuomarara kwe alloys uye kuramba ngura zvinogadziriswa. Zvikamu zvakaoma zvinogona kuwedzera kuomarara kwe coatings kusvika kuHRC55-65, zvichidzivirira zvinobudirira kukuvara kwe coal-rock uye kukweshana kwezvinhu. Panguva iyi, matrix yakasimba inoderedza mutoro we impact, ichidzivirira fractures brittle mu coatings uye kuwana "hard but not brittle" performance balance.​

Muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvekushandiswa pakugadzirazve, tekinoroji iyi inoratidza kunyatsoshanda uye kushanda zvakanaka. Pamichina yekuchera marasha nemazino ekucheka muchina wekuboora tunnel, nzvimbo yekona inoshanda senzvimbo yakakosha inosangana zvakananga nematombo emarasha. Tekinoroji yekuvhara laser inogona kugadzira coating yakasimbiswa ine ukobvu hwe3-5mm pamusoro pekoni. Zvidimbu zvakaoma zviri mucoating zvinoshanda se "armor" kudzivirira kupera kwekucheka kwematombo emarasha, nepo matrix yakasimba ichitora simba remagetsi, ichiwedzera hupenyu hwebasa nekaviri kusvika katatu zvichienzaniswa nezvikamu zvitsva mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma e geological. Kune ma scraper conveyors anowanzo pfeka zvinhu zvakaita se central troughs nema transition troughs, coating inodzivirira kupera kwelaser inoderedza zvakanyanya kupera kweabrasive panguva yekutakura zvinhu. Central troughs pakutanga dzaida kutsiviwa mwedzi wega wega 3-6 ikozvino dzinogara mwedzi 12-24 mushure mekugadzirazve. Kune makoramu esimbi isina ngura munzvimbo dzakasimba dze hydraulic dzinotsigira hunyoro uye guruva, layers dzechinyakare dze chrome-plating dzinokurumidza ngura nekuda kwekukwenya dzinogona kutsiviwa. Machira emhando yepamusoro anodzivirira ngura uye anodzivirira kupera simba neLaser haangoparadzi chete ngura asiwo anotsungirira kukuvara panguva yekuwedzera/kukwenya kwekoramu, zvichiita kuti kugadzirisa kuwedzere kanopfuura kana. Kune magiya akakundikana uye zvikamu zvebearing housing mumagiya ekutumira magiya, tekinoroji yelaser cladding inodzoreredza kurongeka kwehukuru kuburikidza nekuputira uku ichivandudza hunhu hwezvinhu kuti iwedzere kuramba kuneta, ichivimbisa kushanda kwakasimba kwekutumira magiya. Isa kuti ishande.

Zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzechinyakare dzekutsiva zvikamu, tekinoroji yekugadzirazve cladding pamusoro pe laser haingowedzeri hupenyu hwebasa rezvikamu zvakakosha nekaviri kana kane chete asiwo inogonesa kudzokorodza zvakanaka zvikamu zvakabviswa, zvichideredza zvakanyanya kudiwa kwemabasa ekuchera migodhi kwezvikamu zvitsva. Data rinoratidza kuti tekinoroji iyi inoderedza nguva yekusashanda kwemuchina yekugadzirisa neinopfuura 60% uye inoderedza mari yekugadzirisa yegore negore ne30%-50%. Kunyange zvazvo ichiramba ichienderera mberi nekugadzira, inowedzera zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwehupfumi uye kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza mumabasa ekuchera migodhi. Iyi modhi yekugadzirazve "kugadzirisa-kutsiva-pamusoro-kutsiva, kusimudzira mashandiro" iri kuva chinhu chakakosha mukusimudzira mashandiro egirini uye anoshanda emidziyo yekuchera migodhi.