Mashandisirwo anoitwa tekinoroji yelaser cladding impellers
Mashandisirwo anoitwa tekinoroji yelaser cladding impellers
Muindasitiri yemichina, ma "imperler" akafanana nemoyo isinganeti, achityaira masisitimu akaomarara kubva kumainjini endege kusvika kumapombi makuru emvura. Zvisinei, kupera, ngura, uye kuneta, semuvezi wenguva, zvinosiya mavanga asingadzimiki pazvikamu izvi zvinotenderera nekukurumidza. Kana nzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzirisa dzasvika pamiganhu yadzo, tekinoroji yepamusoro yekugadzirazve inonzi "laser cladding" iri kupa zvikamu izvi zvepakati "hupenyu hwechipiri" nehunyanzvi hwayo hwekuvhiya uye mashiripiti.
I. Kufukidza neLaser: Mashiripiti eMetallurgical paMicroscale
Musimboti mukuru we tekinoroji yelaser cladding imashiripiti emazuva ano esimbi anonyatsodzorwa uye anodzorwa anoitika mukati menguva dzemamirimita. Inoshandisa danda relaser rine simba rakawanda (kazhinji 10^4~10^6 W/cm²) senzvimbo yekupisa kuti igadzire dziva diki rakanyungudutswa ipapo ipapo pamusoro pesubstrate ye impeller yakakuvara. Panguva imwe chete, hupfu hwe alloy hunowanikwa kare kana kuti panguva imwe chete (hwakadai se nickel-based, cobalt-based, kana tungsten carbide-reinforced composites) hunopinzwa mudziva rakanyungudutswa, zvichiita kuti metallurgical ibatane nekukurumidza nezvinhu zve substrate zvakanyungudutswa. Maitiro ese, anosanganisira kunyungudutsa, kusanganisa, kuparadzira, uye kusimba nekukurumidza, anopedzwa mukati memasekonzi kana kunyange mamiliseconds, zvichigadzira coating yakakora, inoshanda ine chisungo chakasimba chesimbi kune substrate uye chisungo chinodzorwa zvikuru uye hunhu. Izvi zvakafanana ne "kugadzira zvinhu" uye "kusunga zvisina musono" nhumbi yakasimba kwazvo yesimbi pazvikamu zvakakosha zve impeller.
II. Zvakanakira Tekinoroji: Kunyatsorongeka, Kusimba, Kuchengetedza Mari, uye Hushamwari Kwezvakatipoteredza
Zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro ekare ekugadzirisa akadai sekunamira uye kupfapfaidza nekupisa, kufukidza nelaser kunoratidza mabhenefiti asina kumboonekwa mumunda wekugadzirazve impeller:
1. Kupisa kwakaderera zvakanyanya uye kuchinja kwesimba: Simba relaser rakanyanya kuwanda, uye nzvimbo inokanganiswa nekupisa idiki kwazvo (kazhinji 0.1-1mm), izvo zvinogona kudzvinyirira kushanduka kwekupisa uye kushushikana kwakasara kwezvikamu zvakatetepa kana zvakanyatsonaka zvakaita sema impellers zvakanyanya uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti akarurama.
2. Simba risingaenzaniswi rekubatana: Simba rekubatana kwesimbi rinopindirana rakanyanya kupfuura remachira ekupisa, ayo anobatanidzwa nemagetsi, achisvika 70%-90% yezvinhu zvepasi, zvichiita kuti chifukidziro chacho chive chakasimba uye hachidonhe kana mamiriro ekushanda akaomarara ekumhanya kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.
3. Kushanda kwe "kurongwa" kwekuputira: Nekugadzira system yehupfu hwe alloy nenzira inochinjika, nzvimbo dzakatarwa dze impeller dzinogona kupihwa hunhu hunodzivirira kupfeka, hunodzivirira ngura, hunodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kana hunhu hwakabatana, zvichiita kuti "zvishandiswe chete zvinodiwa uye zvichipa hunhu hunodiwa chete".
4. Kunyatsogadzirwa zvakanaka uye kunaka kwepamusoro: Ukobvu hwekufukidza hunogona kudzorwa nemazvo pakati pe 0.2-3mm, uye pamusoro pacho pakaita sepatakarara nepashoma pashoma pakugadzirisa, uye kunyange kugadzira chimiro chepeturu kunogona kuitwa.
5. Mabhenefiti akakosha ehupfumi hwegirini: Mari yekugadzirisa inongova 30%-50% chete yekugadzira zvikamu zvitsva, kuchengetedza simba nezvinhu zvinodarika 60%, uye hupenyu hwese hweimpeller hunowedzerwa zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ive muenzaniso wakajeka wehupfumi hwakatenderera uye pfungwa dzebudiriro inogarika.
III. Maitiro Ekubatanidza: Kubva pa3D Scanning kusvika paFinish Fine
Kugadziriswazve kweImpeller laser cladding inzira yeinjiniya yakarongeka uye chaiyo:
1. Kuongororwa kwekukuvadzwa uye kushandurwa kwe3D: Kutanga, kuyedza kusingaparadze kunoitwa paimpeller yekare, uye modhi chaiyo yejometri yenzvimbo yakakuvara inowanikwa uchishandisa 3D scanning.
2. Kuronga Nzira uye Kugadzira Maitiro: Zvichibva pamuenzaniso, nzira yakanakisisa yekuskena yemusoro welaser inorongwa, uye ma core process parameters akadai sekufananidza simba relaser, kumhanya kwekuskena, uye huwandu hwekudyisa hupfu zvinosarudzwa.
3. Kurapa Kwepasi Pevhu: Nzvimbo yekugadzirisa inocheneswa zvakanyanya, kubviswa tsvina, uye kugadziriswa kwehuni. Dzimwe nguva kudziya kunodiwa kuderedza kupisa.
4. Kuvhara neKutarisa Maitiro neUngwaru: Pasi pekushanda kweCNC system kana robhoti, musoro welaser unofamba nenzira yakatarwa, uchidyisa upfu panguva imwe chete uye nemazvo, uye mamiriro edziva rakanyungudutswa anotariswa panguva chaiyo kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mhando yacho yakagadzikana.
5. Kuongorora Kushanda Kwebasa Mushure mekugadzirisa: Mushure mekufukidza, kunyungudutsa kwesimbi kunogona kuitwa, pamwe nekugadziriswa kunodiwa kuti pave nekururama kwechimiro chesimbi. Pakupedzisira, kuongororwa kwakasimba kwehukuru, kusaparadza, uye kushanda kunoitwa.
IV. Kuberekwazve: Kuvandudza Mashandiro uye Kuwanikwazve Kwekukosha
Maimpeller akambogadziriswazve nelaser cladding anowanzoita basa rakakura, zvichitopfuura zvigadzirwa zvitsva:
Panyaya yekushanda: kuomarara kwezvikamu zvakakosha (zvakaita semucheto wekupinda kwemhepo nemuromo webanga) kunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kaviri kana katatu pane zvepasi, uye hupenyu hwekudzivirira kupfeka hunowedzerwa nekatatu kusvika gumi; kuramba ngura uye kushanda kwekudzivirira cavitation zvinosvika pakukwira kwepamusoro. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekunge impeller yepombi yemagetsi yakafukidzwa necobalt-based alloy, hupenyu hwayo hwekudzivirira cavitation hwakawedzera nekanopfuura kashanu.
Dhigirii rejiyometri: Inogadzirisa kana kutogadzirisa dhizaini yepakutanga nemazvo, ichivimbisa kushanda zvakanaka kwe hydraulic uye kushanda zvakanaka kwe aerodynamic.
Danho rehupfumi: Zvinoderedza zvakanyanya mari yekugadzirisa michina uye kutenga zvimwe zvinhu, zvichideredza kurasikirwa nenguva yekusashanda zvakanaka.
Danho rehurongwa: Tekinoroji iyi inokosha zvikuru pakuona kuti michina yakakosha inoshanda zvakachengeteka kwenguva refu muzvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita semagetsi, petrochemicals, kuvaka ngarava, uye ndege, uye kuderedza kuvimba nemidziyo inotengeswa kunze kwenyika.
Mhedziso
Kubva pakubatana kwakaoma kwesimbi kusvika pakugadzirisa ma impellers, tekinoroji yelaser cladding inonyatsoratidza kubatana kwe "kunyatsojeka" uye "simba" mukugadzira kwemazuva ano. Haisi nzira yekugadzirisa chete, asi inzira inoshandura yekuvandudza mashandiro uye nzira yekugadzira yakasvibirira. Nekubatanidzwa kwakadzama kwetekinoroji dzakangwara uye dzedhijitari uye kugadzirisa laser, laser cladding pasina mubvunzo inonyora ngano dzakawanda dzemaindasitiri mumunda mukuru wekugadzirazve michina yepamusoro-soro.